Types:

  • STP Standard
  • PVST+ (STP per VLAN – by Cisco)
  • RSTP (STP faster)
  • Rapid PVST+ (RSTP per VLAN – by Cisco)

Root Bridge election:

  • BID = (Priority+VLAN) + MAC
    • Lowest Priority;
    • Lowest VLAN;
    • Lowest MAC.

Commands:

spanning-tree mode pvst
spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst
spanning-tree mode mst
spanning-tree vlan 1 root primary  # VLAN number 1-4094
spanning-tree vlan 1 priority 0    # priority 0-61440
                                   # default 32768
                                   # set increments of 4096
spanning-tree portfast             # directly to forwarding mode
spanning-tree uplinkfast           # accelerate new root port
no spanning-tree vlan 1            # VLAN number 1-4094

Debugging commands:

show spanning-tree
show spanning-tree vlan 1 root     # LAN number 1-4094
show spanning-tree vlan 1 bridge   # LAN number 1-4094